The sections
,
and
can contain directives which only apply to specified directories, URLs or files respectively. Also htaccess files can be used inside a directory to apply directives to that directory. This document explains how these different sections differ and how they relate to each other when Apache decides which directives apply for a particular directory or request URL.
Directives allowed in the sections
Everything that is syntactically allowed in
is also allowed in
(except a sub-
section). Semantically, however some things, most notably AllowOverride
and the two options FollowSymLinks
andSymLinksIfOwnerMatch
, make no sense in
,
or
. The same for
-- syntactically everything is fine, but semantically some things are different.
How the sections are merged
The order of merging is:
(except regular expressions) and .htaccess done simultaneously (with .htaccess, if allowed, overriding
)
, and
with regular expressions
and
done simultaneously
and
done simultaneously
Apart from
, each group is processed in the order that they appear in the configuration files.
(group 1 above) is processed in the order shortest directory component to longest. If multiple
sections apply to the same directory they are processed in the configuration file order. The configuration files are read in the order httpd.conf, srm.conf and access.conf. Configurations included via the Include
directive will be treated as if they were inside the including file at the location of the Include
directive.
Sections inside
sections are applied after the corresponding sections outside the virtual host definition. This allows virtual hosts to override the main server configuration. (Note: this only works correctly from 1.2.2 and 1.3a2 onwards. Before those releases sections inside virtual hosts were applied before the main server).
Later sections override earlier ones.
Notes about using sections
The general guidelines are:
- If you are attempting to match objects at the filesystem level then you must use
and/or
. - If you are attempting to match objects at the URL level then you must use
But a notable exception is:
- proxy control is done via
. This is a legacy mistake because the proxy existed prior to
. A future version of the config language should probably switch this to
.
Note about .htaccess parsing:
- Modifying .htaccess parsing during Location doesn't do anything because .htaccess parsing has already occurred.
and symbolic links:
- It is not possible to use "
Options FollowSymLinks
" or "Options SymLinksIfOwnerMatch
" inside a
,
or
section (the options are simply ignored). Using the options in question is only possible inside a
section (or a.htaccess
file).
and Options
:
- Apache won't check for it, but using an
Options
directive inside a
section has no effect.
Another note:
- There is actually a
/
sequence performed just before the name translation phase (whereAliases
andDocumentRoots
are used to map URLs to filenames). The results of this sequence are completely thrown away after the translation has completed.
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